The Commander of the Believers, Abu Hafs ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb ( may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he heard the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Verily, the reward of deeds depends on the intentions, and each person will be rewarded according to what he intended. So, he whose migration is for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, then his migration is for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, and he whose migration is to achieve some worldly gain or to take some woman in marriage, then his migration is for that for which he migrated." [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1. Every deed requires an intention, such as prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, etc.
2. The intention must be dedicated with full sincerity to Allah Almighty.
The Mother of the Believers, Umm ‘Abdullah ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever introduces in this matter of ours (the religion) something that does not belong to it, it will be rejected." [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1. Prohibition of introducing new things in religion
2. Actions based upon religious innovations are rejected
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "While we were one day sitting with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), there appeared before us a man dressed in extremely white clothes and with very black hair. No traces of traveling were visible on him, and none of us knew him. He sat down close to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) resting his knees against the knees of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and placing his palms over his thighs, and said: 'O Muhammad, tell me about Islam.' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) replied: 'Islam is to testify that there is no god except Allah and that Muhammad is His messenger, to perform prayer, give Zakah, fast Ramadān, and perform Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House (the Ka‘bah), if you have the means to perform it.' He said: 'You have spoken the truth.' We were surprised at his questioning him and then declaring that he spoke the truth. He said: 'Tell me about Imān (faith).' He (the Prophet) answered: 'It is to believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His messengers, the Last Day, and in destiny with its good and evil aspects.' He said: 'You have spoken the truth.' Then he (the man) said: 'Tell me about Ihsān (excellence).' He (the Prophet) answered: 'It is to worship Allah as though you could see Him, for if you cannot see Him, He indeed sees you.' He said: 'Tell me about the Hour.' He (the Prophet) said: 'The one questioned knows no more than the questioner.' So he said: 'Well, tell me about its signs.' He said: 'When the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress, and to see the barefooted, the naked, and the destitute shepherds (competing with one another in) making lofty buildings.' Thereupon the man went off. He (the Prophet) waited a while and then he said: 'O ‘Umar, do you know who that questioner was?' I replied: 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said: 'That was Jibrīl (Gabriel). He came to teach you your religion.'" [Narrated by Muslim]
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The believers who have the most perfect faith are those who have the best morals." [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi, who judged it as Hasan Sahīh (sound authentic)]
1. Encouraging good morals
2. The perfection of morals is part of the perfection of faith
3. Imān (faith) increases and decreases
Ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever swears by other than Allah, has indeed committed an act of disbelief or polytheism." [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]
- Swearing by other than Allah Almighty is impermissible
- Swearing by other than Allah Almighty is an act of minor Shirk (polytheism)
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said:"None of you truly believes until I am dearer to him than his father, his children, and all people." [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
- We should love the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) more than all people.
- This is part of perfect Imān (faith).
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "None of you truly believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself." [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1. A believer should love for the believers what he loves for himself of goodness.
2. This is part of perfect faith.
Abu Sa‘īd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By the One in whose Hand my soul is, it is equivalent to one third of the Qur’an." [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri]
1. Merit of Surat al-Ikhlās
2. It is equivalent to one third of the Qur’an
Abu Mūsa (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "La hawla wala quwwata illa billāh (there is no might and no strength except in Allah) is one of the treasures of Paradise." [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1. The merit of these words, which is one of the treasures of Paradise
2. Renunciation of one’s power and strength and reliance on Allah Almighty alone
An-Nu‘mān ibn Bashīr (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported that he heard the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Verily, there is a piece of flesh in the body; if it is upright then the entire body will be upright, and if it is corrupt then the entire body will be corrupt. Verily, it is the heart." [Narrated by Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]
1. Uprightness of the heart ensures one's apparent and hidden uprightness.
2. Paying attention to the uprightness of the heart because a human's uprightness is dependent upon it.
Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "One whose last words are: 'La ilāha illallāh (there is no god but Allah)' will enter Paradise." [Narrated by Abu Dāwūd]
1. The merit of "La ilāha illallāh" (there is no god but Allah) and how it is a cause for admitting one into Paradise
2. The privilege of the one whose last words are: "La ilāha illallāh" (there is no god but Allah)
‘Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A believer is neither a slanderer or an invoker of curse, nor is he indecent or foulmouthed." [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]
1. Prohibition of all false and foul speech
2. Description of the believer's speech
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is from the best Muslim character to leave that which is not of one's concern." [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi and others]
1. One should not interfere with others' religious or worldly affairs.
2. Not interfering with others' affairs is part of one's perfect Islam.
‘Abdullah ibn Mas‘ūd reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever recites a letter from the Book of Allah will be credited with a good deed, and the good deed receives a ten-fold reward. I am not saying that Alif-Lām-Mīm is one letter, but Alif is a letter, Lām is a letter and Mīm is a letter." [Narrated by At-Tirmidhi]
1. Merit of reciting the Qur’an
2. One is given rewards for every single letter he recites